- Affects settlements and those who live on the coast
- Ranges from damages include: Loss of property and death
- Losses can be classified as economic, social or environmental
Impacts
of Coastal Recession & Flooding At Holderness Coast:
- Social costs from rapid recession include: people’s lives and families being disrupted.
- Education and social networks are interrupted.
- Tourism is reduced
- Social and economic costs e.g houses collapsing may lead to mental health being affected as well as physical health
- Losses of homes in Mappleton
- Damage to infrastructure
Bangladesh
And Coastal Erosion:
- Delta at the Ganges River have been eroding
- Tropical storms cause coastal flooding
- Economic and social loss for farmers
- Loss of jobs creating an environmental refugee.
- Impacts are more severe because the country is poorer
- Water borne diseases.
Coastal
Flooding Impacts:
- More severe than recession as it can impact a big area
- Costs more and causes more deaths
- Social and economic impacts
- Worst impacts occur in densely populated areas
1953
Storm Surge In The UK & The Netherlands:
- 2.5m high storm surge in the North Sea
- 1800 dead in the Netherlands and 300 dead in the UK. Most dead along the Home Counties in England – 250 dead, and South Zeeland in the Netherlands.
- 30k houses evacuated in the UK
- 30k affected in the Netherlands
- 1600km of coastline was affected in the UK
- £50 million damage in the UK
- Bought the Delta Works which is now the best sea defences in the world.
- Low pressure, high tides and strong windows all contributed.
2013
Typhoon Haiyan:
- Most powerful storm, dubbed as “Super Typhoon Haiyan”
- Surge was 5m high
- Tacloban destroyed by 120mph winds and coastal flooding
- 6000 dead
- Economic cost included: Houses lost, clean and rebuild, loss of workers and damaged infrastructure. E.g San Juanico Bridge completely destroyed.
Impacts
From Eustastic Sea Level Rise In Male, Maldives:
- Buildings flooded
- Land lost under the ocean
- Loss of income from tourists
- Social impacts have been affected because of loss of homeland
Summary:
- Flooding and erosion of coasts causes economic, social (& environmental) losses
- Low-lying areas like estuaries, deltas and small islands most vulnerable
- Holderness recession impacts include loss of property, damaged roads, job losses, relocation, reduced amenity value
- 1953 storm surge from North Sea killed over 2000 people in UK and Netherlands, Typhoon Haiyan, Philippines 6000 killed
- Storm surges are raised sea-levels due to low pressure storms, strong winds and when high tides they flood the land
- Bangladesh is also prone to coastal flooding and erosion, with impacts such as farmland loss, disease and refugees
- Small islands like The Maldives are at high risk due to the low-lying land and ‘environmental refugees’ are having to relocate to other countries