Main Causes:
- Work and money: Economic migration.
- Second biggest reason is to join family members.
- Economic migrants can be internal or international.
- Rural-urban migration is the biggest movement of people globally, often for work.
- Internal migration is popular between Asian countries, in the EU and even the Middle East due to more conflicts.
Why Are
Migrants Increasing:
- More population leads to more migrants e.g rural India,
- More economic opportunities and globalisation e.g Chinese coast, increasing development and infrastructure
- Environmental changes such as droughts and floods in Chad from climate change creating refugees, more war and conflict in Syria.
- Russian Elite in London migrating for safety and investment opportunities.
- Diaspora has been growing in the EU is illegal immigrants from the Middle East and North Africa, they flee poverty, war and conflict in places such as Chad. E.g 1 million ‘boat people’ tried to cross the sea. They want better work and pay. They send remittance back home and improve skills shortages in key areas.
- Hate crimes and conflicts increase, other ethical issues arise such as migrant boats sinking and bad perception of migrants being criminals.
- 1 million Polish migrant workers fill farm jobs, dentists and boosts the economy. Diasporas and immigration change UK culture, lead to tensions in society and ‘take our jobs.’
Movement of
Labour:
- Free movement of people means labour needs are met and movement is restricted. Occurs in all almost all countries of the world e.g UK anyone is free to move and work in cities or global hub.
- Wealth and money can trickle down to the rest of society through a multiplier effect. Huge benefits for a country but can have regional negatives such as young people leaving rural areas.
- Leads to depopulation, lack of skilled workers like teachers, cultural erosion.
Is Free Movement Good or Bad:
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Good:
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Bad:
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Social, economic, environmental and political positives and
negatives |
Skills shortages in source country |
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Poland has benefitted from remittances sent from home |
Problems with ageing population |
Overview:
- Migration occurs for many different reasons and has many different forms
- Will increase in the future
- Has positives and negatives on all countries involved.
- Government has lots of control over migration.