- Having very strong views that your country’s interest are more important than other countries.
- Helps sovereign states get support to protect their own interest in times of need.
- Can be negative e.g racism, stop beneficial immigration or even invade other countries.
19th
Century Nationalism:
- Used by the British Empire to justify invading other places and controlling them
- Helped colonialism by the UK through direct-hard power e.g Navy. Spread of language, tea, cricket etc.
- Caused conflict with British values with various rebellions
- Important for initial development as it aids expansion but it justifies cruelty e.g slavery and stealing resources.
Post 1945:
- Colonies gained their independence from colonial rule e.g India 1947, nation states emerged as a result of this.
- Colonial era ended for reasons e.g British ran out of money so they could maintain control
- Strong political pressure to gain independence e.g Gandhi and were forced out.
- Britain has managed to retain post-colonial links e.g Australia, India.
- Leads to bad governance and competition, ethnic groups may persecute others, lack of skilled workers.
- Superpower conflict can lead to civil wars, e.g Korea. Leads to people dying.
Wind of
Change:
- Decolonisation in Africa led to problems in Africa dubbed ‘the wind of change’. DR Congo had been ruled by dictator
- Genocide in neighbouring Rwanda of Tutsi by Hutus.
- Can lead to environmental problems e.g deforestation, GDP has $435, HDI is low, poor life expectancy (48)
- Another example: North Korea and South Korea. Split up into two sovereign states between the USA and USSR. NK is nationalistic and switched off. SK is more globalised and ally of USA. Strong contrast between the two.
Patterns of
Migration:
- Imperial core countries have had major changes from former colonies.
- Nationalist movements in Britain to start the empire and then get colonies to gain independence
- Migrants invited to fill skill shortages. Opposite to homogenous, increased cultural heterogeneity
- Indians bringing curry, Jamaicans bringing reggae.
- Some migrants are like this, but most are economic whilst some move to join family members.