- Globalisation: The increasing connections around the world of people and countries through trade, economies, migration and culture.
- Why Is Globalisation Increasing: It has been happening for thousands of years but now it is happening much faster than before due to the speed of growth and changes such as new technologies, population growth and development that are happening rapidly.
A
Much More Globalised World:
- Commodities: Raw material, goods from the primary industry e.g wood, crops, oil, food stuff and metals.
- Capital: Money, finances, banks, stocks and shares e.g VISA Cards work across the whole globe!
- Information Age: Emails, internet, phone calls e.g Facebooks very rapidly expanding user-base.
- Migrants: Migrants now travel further e.g Syrian refugees to Europe, Asians to the Gulf States, and Russians to London.
- Tourists: More flights, more disposable income e.g Chinese tourists to the UK.
Connections:
- Links in globalisation between places, people and goods e.g internet cables, aeroplane routes, businesses that are working together.
Key
Terms For Connections:
- Flow: Movement or transfer of a globalises service or good e.g emails, planes, migrants
- Widening/Lengthening: Connections around the world that get larger and more numerous.
- Deepening: Connections and links between countries and places that are growing and become stronger.
- Interdependence: Countries, places, businesses increasingly relying on other places.
Resource
Skills:
- Crude Oil: Shows the interdependence on western countries from the Middle East because we need oil but the best comes from the east.
- Net Migration: People from the east are coming west with their skills for job security or better homes – to increase their standard of living.
- Money Sent Back Home: The west are increasingly sending money back to the east which can be spent on improving GDP and globalising that country.
- Tourists: EU to NA, east to west because flights have come cheaper and there is more disposable income.
Development
In Transport:
- Why Has Transportation Increased: Better technology, cheaper and there is more of it. This has helped to increase the export and import of goods.
The
Shrinking World:
- Due to faster travel and technology, the world seems smaller because it takes less time to travel to places.
- 1700s (2 years on a ship) 1930s (8 days on an aircraft) 1990s (31 hours on an aircraft)
- Why: Cheaper, more ways to travel, faster and reliable.
Transport
And Trade Globalisation:
- Easyjet: Increased flights and made them cheaper so tourists have more places to travel to. Lots of people can afford to travel. Supermarket goods are also transported.
- Containerships: Can carry thousands of items in steel boxes allowing good to be directly transported from factories in China to supermarket shelves.
- Railways: Are slowly beginning to expand globally e.g Eurotunnel allowing the UK and France to be connected via rail. HS2 proposes to halve journey time in the UK.
Time-Space
Compression:
- Places seem closer, easier to reach, faster to reach with fewer barriers.
How
Is ICT Affecting This:
- Globalisation of information and culture has increased due to communication technology
- Fibre Optic cables carry information at the speed of light
- Prices are decreasing so more people can afford it
- Billions are using social media sharing ideals and contacts
- Idea that ICT is allowing compressed time to gain information and sources faster.
- Economic Globalisation: ICT is allowing managers of distant offices to keep in touch
- Social Globalisation: Long distance social relationships supporting migration e.g Skype
- Cultural Globalisation: Language, music, food being adopted quicker e.g Psy
- Political Globalisation: Social networks raising awareness on issues (e.g pressure groups such as Greenpeace) but also being used in a bad way to spread hateful messages to society (extremism)